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債轉(zhuǎn)股
debt-to-equity swap
w 港元的聯(lián)系匯率制
the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
w 壞帳、呆帳、死帳
bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan
w 反傾銷措施
anti-dumping measures against...
w 通貨緊縮
deflation
w 通貨膨脹
inflation
w 非配額產(chǎn)品
quota-free products
w 非生產(chǎn)性投資
investment in non-productive projects
w 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理/評(píng)估
risk management/ assessment
w 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基金
venture capital
w 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金
loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
w 搞活國(guó)有大中型企業(yè)
revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
w 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)
scale economy/ economies of scale
w 國(guó)合企業(yè)(即國(guó)有合作社)
state-owned cooperatives
w 國(guó)際收支
balance of international payments/ balance of payment
w 國(guó)際收支不平衡
disequilibrium of balance of payment
w 國(guó)家補(bǔ)貼
public subsidies
w 國(guó)家現(xiàn)匯結(jié)存
state foreign exchange reserves
w 合理引導(dǎo)消費(fèi)
guide rational consumption
w 季節(jié)性調(diào)價(jià)
seasonal price adjustments
w 既成事實(shí)
established/accomplished facts
w 技工貿(mào)結(jié)合的科技型企業(yè)
scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development
w 勞動(dòng)密集性企業(yè)
labor-intensive enterprises
w 亂集資、亂攤派、亂收費(fèi)
unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
w 千年問(wèn)題、千年蟲
millennium bug
w 企業(yè)技術(shù)改造
technological updating of enterprises
w 企業(yè)虧損補(bǔ)貼
subsidies to cover enterprise losses
w 實(shí)行國(guó)民待遇
grant the national treatment to
w 平等互利、講求實(shí)效、形式多
樣、共同發(fā)展的方針
pursuing practical results, adopting various ways and seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development
w 瓶頸制約
"bottleneck" restrictions
w 市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)人的行政管理措施
AAMA: Administrative Aspects of Market Access
w 亞太工商咨詢理事會(huì)
ABAC: APEC Business Advisory Council
w 亞太商業(yè)論壇
ABF: APEC Business Forum
w 亞太通訊與數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)
ACDS: APEC Communications and Database System
w 亞太中小企業(yè)技術(shù)交流與培訓(xùn)中心
ACTETSME: APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
w 亞洲開發(fā)銀行
ADB: Asian Development Bank
w 亞太經(jīng)合組織經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)議
AELM: APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
w 東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)
AFTA: ASEAN Free Trade Area
w 亞太經(jīng)合組織部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議
AMM: APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
w 澳新緊密經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系協(xié)定
ANZCERTA: Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
w 亞太商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)
APB-Net: Asia-Pacific Business Network
w 亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織
APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
w 亞太能源研究中心
APERC: Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
w 亞太信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施
APII: Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
w 亞太實(shí)驗(yàn)室認(rèn)可合作
APLAC: Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
w 亞太法定計(jì)量論壇
APLMF: Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
w 亞太計(jì)量程序
APMP: Asia Pacific Metrology Program
w 東南亞國(guó)家聯(lián)盟
ASEAN: Association of South-East Asian Nations
w 亞歐會(huì)議
ASEM: Asia-Europe Meeting
w 農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)合作
ATC: Agricultural Technical Cooperation
w 民事
civil
w 民事
civil affairs;affairs relating to civil law
w 民事上的占有
civil possesion
w 民事上的沒(méi)收
civil forfeiture
w 民事上訴
civil appeal
w 民事主體
civil subject
w 民事法律關(guān)系
civil legal relationship
w 民事活動(dòng)
activity relating to civil law
w 民事糾紛
civil dispute
w 民事客體
civil object
w 民事原告
civil plaintiff
w 民事被告
civil defendant
w 民事指控
civil charge
w 民事案件
civil case
w 民事過(guò)失
civil negligence
w 民事責(zé)任事故
accident involving civil liability
w 民事補(bǔ)償
civil remedy
w 民事訴訟
civil action
w 民事?lián)p害
civil injury
w 民事債務(wù)
civil debt
w 民事管轄
civil jurisdiction
w 民事制裁
civil sanction
w 民事審判
civil trial
w 民事調(diào)解
civil mediation
w 民事罰款
civil penalty
w 民事權(quán)利爭(zhēng)議
dispute concerning private rights
w 民事權(quán)利剝奪
deprived of private rights
w 民事權(quán)利請(qǐng)求
civil claim
w 民事權(quán)利變更
alternation of private right
w 民政
civil administraion
w 民事權(quán)利與責(zé)任
civil right and liability
w 民事權(quán)利
civil right
w 人身權(quán)利
jura personarum; rights of the person
w 人格權(quán)
right of personality
w 上訴權(quán)
right of appeal
w 不受時(shí)效限制權(quán)
imprescriptible right
w 立遺囑權(quán)
right to make a will
w 合法權(quán)利
legal right
w 共有權(quán)
communal tenure
w 求償權(quán)
recoupment; recourse
w 居住權(quán)
right of habitation
w 使用權(quán)
right of use
w 委任權(quán)
power of pocuration
w 財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)
proprietatis; property right
w 財(cái)產(chǎn)讓與權(quán)
benefit of cession
w 起訴權(quán)
right of action
w 采光權(quán)
right of ancient lights
w 專用權(quán)
sole right of use
w 專有權(quán)
exclusive power
w 專利申請(qǐng)權(quán)
clailm of patent application
w 控告權(quán)
right of complaint
w 答辯權(quán)
right of reply
w 解釋權(quán)
right to interpret
w 經(jīng)濟(jì)權(quán)利
economic right
w 債的請(qǐng)求權(quán)
debt claim
w 監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán)
guardianship
w 選擇權(quán)
right of choice
w 轉(zhuǎn)賣權(quán)
right of resale
w （當(dāng)事方為進(jìn)行仲裁或接受國(guó)際法院的管轄權(quán)而簽訂的）協(xié)定
compromis: a special agreement between States to submit a particular issue either to an arbitral tribunal or to the International Court of Justice
w 事實(shí)上
de facto: existing as a matter of fact rather than of right
w 法律上
de jure: as a matter of legal right
w 根據(jù)公允及善意的原則
ex aeque et bono: as a result of fair dealing and good conscience
w 出于善意的
ex gratia: done as a matter of favour (An ex gratia payment is one not required to be made by a legal duty.)
w 依職權(quán)而自然獲得
ex officio: by virtue of holding an office
w 事后的；溯及既往的
ex post facto: by a subsequent act (describing any legal act, such as a statute, which has retrospective effect)
w 主動(dòng)的，自愿的
ex proprio motu(ex mero motu): of his own motion
w 不可抗力
force majueure(法語(yǔ)): irresistible compulsion or coercion
w 強(qiáng)制法
jus cogens(ius congens): coercive law; a rule or principle in international law that is so fundamental that it bins all states and does not allow any exceptions
w 萬(wàn)民法，萬(wàn)國(guó)法，國(guó)際法
jus gentium: the law of people; international law
w 法無(wú)明文不處罰
nulla poena sine lege: no penalty(punishment) without a law
w 法無(wú)明文不為罪
nullum crimen sine lege: no crime without a law
w 條約必須遵守原則
pact sunt servand: a pact is not to be surrendered (agreements are to be kept)
w 自身，本身；本質(zhì)上
per se
w 不受歡迎的人（personna grata 受歡迎的人）
personna non-grata
w 初步的，表面上的
prima facie: at first appearance; on the face of things
w 情勢(shì)變遷原則
rebus sic standibus: change of circumstances
w 無(wú)主物
res nullius: an asset susceptible of acquisition but presently under the ownership or sovereignty of no legal person
w 未確定時(shí)日的
sine die: without a date
w 越權(quán)行為（與intra vires相對(duì)）
ultra vires(act)
w 占領(lǐng)地保有原則
uti possidetis
v Lesson Six
w 民事責(zé)任
civil liability
w 不履行法律責(zé)任
omission
w 共同連帶責(zé)任
joint and separate responsibility
w 完全責(zé)任
full liability
w 侵權(quán)責(zé)任
liability for tort
w 連帶責(zé)任
joint liability
w 財(cái)產(chǎn)責(zé)任
property liability
w 過(guò)失責(zé)任
fault liability
w 替代責(zé)任
vicarious liability
w 無(wú)限責(zé)任
unlimited liability
w 單獨(dú)責(zé)任
solitary liability
w 道德責(zé)任
moral obligation
w 監(jiān)護(hù)責(zé)任
liability of guardian
w 嚴(yán)格責(zé)任賠償
strict liability
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