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繼往開來，再續(xù)新篇
Carrying on the Past and Opening a new chapter for the future
外經(jīng)貿(mào)部部長石廣生
Mr. SHI Guangsheng
Minister for Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation
（2001年3月13日）
(March 13th， 2001)
女士們，先生們， Ladies and Gentlemen,
記者朋友們： Friends from the press,
在此，我首先要感謝兩會(huì)新聞中心的安排，使我有機(jī)會(huì)與在座的記者朋友見面。借此機(jī)會(huì)，我愿意向各位朋友簡要介紹中國外經(jīng)貿(mào)事業(yè)在"九五"期間取得的成就和我們對未來5年外經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展的基本設(shè)想。 Let me start by thanking the news center of the NPC and CPPCC for its arrangement, which offers me an opportunity to meet friends from the media present today. Taking this opportunity, I would like brief you on the achievements that China scored in its foreign trade and economic cooperation cause during the Ninth Five-year Plan period as well as our tentative ideas on the development of foreign trade and economic cooperation in the next five years.
"九五"期間是我國外經(jīng)貿(mào)事業(yè)發(fā)展的重要時(shí)期，我國對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易經(jīng)受住了亞洲金融危機(jī)的嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)，保持了不斷發(fā)展的良好勢頭。"九五"期間，我國貨物貿(mào)易進(jìn)出口額由1995年的2808億美元增加到2000年的4743億美元，增長了1.68倍，年均增長11%，超額完成了"九五"計(jì)劃提出的進(jìn)出口額達(dá)4000億美元的奮斗目標(biāo)。我國在世界貿(mào)易中的排名由1995年的第11位上升到1999年的第9位，2000年還有望進(jìn)一步上升。1996-2000年，我國累計(jì)吸收外商直接投資2134.8億美元（實(shí)際到資金額），比"八五"期間增長87%，年均吸收外資規(guī)模保持在400億美元以上，自1993年以來，我國一直是吸收外商直接投資最多的發(fā)展中國家。 The Ninth Five-year Plan period is an important one as far as our foreign trade and economic development is concerned. Foreign trade and economic cooperation of our country withstood the severe test of the Asian financial crisis and maintained a sound momentum of constant growth. During the time, the value of our goods import and export increased by 1.68 times from USD 280.8 billion in 1995 to USD 474.3 billion in 2000, realizing an average annual growth rate of 11%. The objective to achieve USD 400 billion worth of import and export total set out by the Ninth Five-year Plan was fulfilled ahead of time. China's ranking in world trade was uplifted from the 11th place in 1995 to the 9th in 1999 and it is hopeful to rise further. From 1996 to 2000, we have cumulatively absorbed USD 213.48 billion of FDI (actually utilized value), 87% higher than that for the Eighth Five-year Plan period, the average annual FDI utilization scale remained above USD 40 billion. China has been the largest FDI recipient in developing countries since 1993.
"九五"期間，我國的外經(jīng)貿(mào)體制改革進(jìn)一步深化，擴(kuò)大對外開放的步伐明顯加快。我國對國有大中型生產(chǎn)企業(yè)、商業(yè)企業(yè)和科研院所進(jìn)出口經(jīng)營權(quán)實(shí)行了登記備案制，國有外經(jīng)貿(mào)企業(yè)進(jìn)行改組改制、建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度邁出了新的步伐，歷史性地開放了中外合資外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口企業(yè)和中國私營生產(chǎn)企業(yè)進(jìn)出口經(jīng)營權(quán)。截至目前，我國具有進(jìn)出口經(jīng)營權(quán)的各類企業(yè)達(dá)到3.2萬多家。另外已開業(yè)的18萬家外商投資企業(yè)都具有進(jìn)出口經(jīng)營權(quán)，我國繼續(xù)多次大幅下調(diào)關(guān)稅水平，目前平均關(guān)稅稅率為15.3%，比"八五"期末的35.6%下降了57％，進(jìn)一步改革配額和許可證制度。我國進(jìn)一步放寬了對外商投資領(lǐng)域的限制，商業(yè)、銀行、保險(xiǎn)、旅游等服務(wù)領(lǐng)域都已不同程度地對外商開放。 During the Ninth Five-year Plan period, China's reform of its foreign trade and economic cooperation regime went into further depth and China's opening up was obviously accelerated. China has exercised Registration for Record system for trading rights of the state-owned large- and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, commercial enterprises and science and research institutes. The control over import and export right of private manufacturing enterprises was also lifted, which is of historic significance. So far China has 32,000 enterprises of various kinds with trading right (foreign-invested enterprises excluded). We reduced our tariff level by large margins many times, making the current average tariff rate standing at 15.3%, which is 33.4% lower compared with that at the end of the Eighth Five-year Plan period. China has further relaxed restrictions on the fields for foreign investment, with commerce, banking, insurance, tourism and other service sectors already opened to foreign investors to varying degrees.
"九五"期間，對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的質(zhì)量、水平和效益進(jìn)一步提高。我國進(jìn)出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化， 2000年，機(jī)電產(chǎn)品和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品占我國出口總額的比重分別達(dá)到42.3％和14.8％，比"八五"期間有了較大的增長。"九五"期間，外商投資占同期全社會(huì)固定資產(chǎn)投資總額的12.7%，外商投資企業(yè)工業(yè)增加值占全國工業(yè)增加值的20.9％。目前，已開業(yè)投產(chǎn)的外商投資企業(yè)近18萬家，直接從業(yè)人員近2000萬人。中國對外投資、多種形式的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作取得重要進(jìn)展。外經(jīng)貿(mào)事業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展為國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整、運(yùn)行質(zhì)量的提高發(fā)揮了積極作用。 During the Ninth Five-year Plan period, our foreign trade and economic cooperation was further improved in terms of quality, level and benefits thus playing a more considerable role in promoting the national economic development. China's import and export mix was more optimized with the proportion of electromechanical products and hi-tech products in the export total amounting to 42.3% and 14.8%. The industrial structure and geographic distribution of foreign investment tended to be more reasonable, and its contribution to the national economy was further intensified. In the meantime, foreign investment accounted for 12.7% of the total investment in social fixed assets, the industrial added value yielded by foreign-invested enterprises took up 20.9% in the industrial added value of the country. At present, the nearly 180,000 foreign-invested enterprises in operation have an employment of almost 20 million. The constant development of foreign trade and economic cooperation has also contributed much to the steady growth of the country's foreign exchange reserve.
"九五"期間，我國積極參與多邊、雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作，為國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)I造了穩(wěn)定的國際環(huán)境。我國長達(dá)15年之久的復(fù)關(guān)和加入世貿(mào)組織的談判，在"九五"期間取得重大進(jìn)展。目前我國加入世貿(mào)組織的談判已進(jìn)入最后階段，中國加入世貿(mào)組織已為期不遠(yuǎn)。 During the Ninth Five-year Plan period, our country actively participated in bilateral and multilateral economic and trade collaboration and cultivated a stable international environment for the national economic development. During the Ninth Five-year Plan period, great headway was made in China's negotiation for the resumption of GATT contracting party status and for WTO accession that has been lasting for 15 years. Presently the bilateral talks for China's WTO entry have been basically concluded, the multilateral negotiation has entered the final stage and it won't be long before China becomes a member of the WTO.
通過"九五"期間的努力，我國全方位對外開放格局已基本形成，開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展，展望未來5年，中國的對外開放和外經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展將進(jìn)入一個(gè)新歷史階段。按照我國《國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十個(gè)五年計(jì)劃綱要》的精神，"十五"期間，我國外經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展的主要思路是： Trough efforts in the Ninth Five-year Plan period, China's all directional opening up pattern has taken shape coupled with rapid development of the open economy. Looking into the coming five years, China's opening up, foreign trade and economic development will enter a new historic era. In the light of the spirit of the Outline of the Tenth Five-year Plan for national economic and social development, we have the following major ideas on the development of China's foreign trade and economic cooperation.
一、加快發(fā)展開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。到2005年，全國進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易總額達(dá)到6800億美元，進(jìn)出口保持大體平衡。機(jī)電產(chǎn)品、高科技產(chǎn)品在出口商品中所占的比重將提高到50%、20%左右；吸收外商直接投資規(guī)模保持年均400億美元左右，力爭有所增長。"走出去"戰(zhàn)略取得實(shí)質(zhì)性進(jìn)展，對外承包工程與勞務(wù)合作、對外援助等其他外經(jīng)貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)，也要在"九五"基礎(chǔ)上取得新的更大的發(fā)展。 I. Accelerating the growth of an open economy and endeavoring to achieve the sustainable development of foreign economic and trade relations. By 2005, import and export nationwide should total US $ 680 billion while striking a general balance. The percentage of mechanic and electronic products will rise to 50% and that of hi-tech products will account for 20% of China's export. The annual absorption of foreign direct investment will keep at around US $ 40 billion and efforts shall be made to increase the amount. The strategy of Going Global will have made substantial progress. On the basis of the ninth Five-year Plan, foreign project-contracting, labor services cooperation, foreign aid and other foreign trade and economic activities shall make bigger strides and new headway.
二、加快推進(jìn)外經(jīng)貿(mào)領(lǐng)域的兩個(gè)根本性轉(zhuǎn)變，提高我國外經(jīng)貿(mào)的國際競爭力。"十五"期間，我們要更好地實(shí)施以質(zhì)取勝、市場多元化和科技興貿(mào)戰(zhàn)略，轉(zhuǎn)變外經(jīng)貿(mào)增長方式，堅(jiān)持不懈地抓好外經(jīng)貿(mào)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，不斷優(yōu)化進(jìn)出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)、貿(mào)易方式結(jié)構(gòu)、區(qū)域結(jié)構(gòu)和市場結(jié)構(gòu)，增加加工貿(mào)易的增值率，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)我國外經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展主要從依靠規(guī)模擴(kuò)張和數(shù)量增長向主要依靠質(zhì)量和效益的根本性轉(zhuǎn)變。 II. Pushing forward two fundamental transformations in foreign trade and economic cooperation so as to improve the international competitiveness of China in this field. During the Tenth Five-year Plan, we shall carry out in a better way the strategies of Winning by Quality, Market Diversification and Reinvigorating Trade by Science and Technology. At the same time, we shall transform the growth mode of foreign trade and economic cooperation. Unremitting efforts shall be made in restructuring China's foreign trade and economic cooperation which include the constant improvement of the commodity mix of import and export, the structure of trade methods, regional distribution and market composition. Besides, we shall also increase the value-added rate of processing trade. Combining all these efforts, we can basically ensure that China's foreign trade and economic development has undergone fundamental change from mainly depending on the expansion of magnitude and quantitative increase to primarily depending on quality and efficiency.
三、以加入世貿(mào)組織為契機(jī)，加快建立新的中國對外經(jīng)貿(mào)管理體制。以法制和規(guī)則為基礎(chǔ)，以改革為動(dòng)力，以發(fā)展為目標(biāo)，按照我國對外談判的承諾，充分利用我國加入世貿(mào)組織的過渡期，加快建立符合國際規(guī)范和我國國情的外經(jīng)貿(mào)新體制。
III. Seizing the opportunity of WTO accession to establish a new foreign trade and economic cooperation system that is consistent with international norm and China's national conditions, by relying on the basis of legal regime and rules, making reform the driving force and development the objective, respecting the commitments China has made in international negotiations, and fully using the transitional period after China joins the World Trade Organization.
四、大力實(shí)施"走出去"的開放戰(zhàn)略。鼓勵(lì)發(fā)揮我國有比較優(yōu)勢的對外投資，在更大范圍和更深程度上參與國際競爭與合作。較好地實(shí)現(xiàn)"引進(jìn)來"和"走出去"的相互融合、相互補(bǔ)充，提高利用國際國內(nèi)兩個(gè)市場兩種資源為我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)服務(wù)的層次和水平。 IV. Implementing the open strategy of Going Global in real earnest. We shall encourage overseas investment where China has comparative advantages so that we can participate in international competition and cooperation in a broader and deeper magnitude. Also we shall integrate the strategies of " Bringing Home" and "Going Global" and make them complementary, which will enable us to make better use of both international and domestic marketplaces and resources to serve China's modernization drive.
五、基本建立我國外經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展的促進(jìn)和保障體系。推進(jìn)出口退稅機(jī)制改革，建立穩(wěn)定規(guī)范的出口退稅機(jī)制。完善以出口信貸和出口信用保險(xiǎn)為重點(diǎn)的外經(jīng)貿(mào)金融支持體系，推動(dòng)出口信用保險(xiǎn)與出口融資業(yè)務(wù)有機(jī)結(jié)合�；窘⑵鸨容^完善的、符合世貿(mào)組織規(guī)則和我國國情的涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)法律體系。 V. Basically setting up the promotion and protection systems concerning China's foreign trade and economic cooperation development. The export refund mechanism will be reformed into a stable and standard one. It is imperative to improve the system of financial support for foreign trade and economic cooperation which highlights export credit and export credit insurance and to integrate the export credit insurance with export financing. We shall basically set up a relatively complete foreign-related economic legal system that complies with the WTO rules and China's national conditions.
六、推進(jìn)國際電子商務(wù)的發(fā)展。充實(shí)和完善"金關(guān)工程"，建立健全外經(jīng)貿(mào)管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)，初步實(shí)現(xiàn)外經(jīng)貿(mào)管理、經(jīng)營、信息的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化，在電子商務(wù)、電子信息、電子政務(wù)上取得重要發(fā)展。 VI. Preliminarily wide application of international electronic commerce in our foreign trade and economic cooperation. By substantiating and improving the Project of Golden Customs and establishing a sound on-line administrative system regarding foreign trade and economic cooperation, we can realize network-based administration, operation and information flow of foreign trade and economic cooperation so that important progress can be made in e-commerce, e-information and e-administration.
七、積極參與區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作。探討和研究在一定區(qū)域內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)貿(mào)易投資自由化、便利化。
VII. Actively exploring new approaches of China's participation in regional economic cooperation while discussing and researching trade and investment liberalization and facilitation within certain region.
今年是"十五"計(jì)劃的第一年。今年前2個(gè)月，我國進(jìn)出口額為699.1億美元，比去年同期增長16%，其中出口361.4億美元，同比增長14.5%，進(jìn)口337.7億美元，同比增長17.7%。前2個(gè)月，我國合同利用外資金額92.02億美元，實(shí)際利用外資金額45.76億美元，分別比去年同期增長 47.09%和24.15%。從今年1-2月份外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口的勢頭看，由于世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長明顯放慢以及中國外貿(mào)連續(xù)兩年快速增長的高基數(shù)，今年中國外貿(mào)增長速度可能放慢，但我們相信，通過努力，我國外經(jīng)貿(mào)仍有可能保持一定增長速度，實(shí)現(xiàn)"十五"計(jì)劃的良好開局。
This year is the first year of the Tenth Five-year
Plan. In the first two months of this year, China's import
and export reached US$ 69.91 billion, up 16% from the same
period of the previous year. In a breakdown, export stood
at US$ 36.14 billion, up 14.5%; import was US$ 33.77 billion,
rising 17.7% from the corresponding period. During the same period, China's contractual foreign investment was US$ and
its paid-in capital reached US$ , which were % and % higher
than the corresponding period of the previous year respectively.
We believe that through our efforts, this year China's foreign trade and economic cooperation shall continue growing at certain pace and mark a good beginning of the Tenth Five-year Plan.
展望未來，邁入新世紀(jì)的中國將是更加開放的中國，我們愿意進(jìn)一步與世界各國發(fā)展經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，我們深信，中國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的新發(fā)展，必將為促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮與穩(wěn)定做出更大的貢獻(xiàn)。 When looking into the future, China on the threshold of the new century will become more open. We are willing to further develop economic and trade ties with all countries in the world. It is our sincere belief that new development of China's national economy and foreign trade and economic cooperation will undoubtedly make greater contributions to the prosperity and stability of the world economy.
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