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2 管道用緊固件及螺紋
2.1 緊固件
螺栓 bolt
六角頭螺栓 hexagonal head bolt
方頭螺栓 square head bolt
螺柱，雙頭螺栓 stud bolt
環(huán)頭螺檢 eye bolt
沉頭螺栓 countersunk (head) screw
地腳螺栓 anchor bolt; foundation bolt
松緊螺旋扣（花籃螺絲） turnbuckle
U形螺栓 U-bolt
T形螺栓 T-bolt
圓頭螺釘 round head bolt
機螺栓，機螺釘 maehine bolt
頂開螺栓，頂起螺栓 Jack screw
自攻螺釘 self tapping screw
膨脹螺栓 expansion bolt
粗制的 coarse
精制的 finished, fine
螺母 nut
六角螺母 hexagonal nut
方螺母 square nut
蝶形螺母 wing nut
扁螺母 flat nut
鎖緊螺母 lock nut
墊圈 washer
平墊圈 plain washer
球面墊圈 spherical washer
彈簧墊圈 spring washer
方墊圈 square washer
斜墊圈 slant washer
銷軸 pinned shan
銷 pin
開口銷 cotter pin
定位銷 dowel pin
帶孔銷 pin with hole
圓錐銷 taper pin
鉚釘 rivet
鍵 key
2.2 螺紋
左螺紋left hand thread
右螺紋 right hand thread
管螺紋 pipe thread
錐管螺紋 taper pipe thread
直管螺紋straight pipe thread
梯形螺紋 trapezoid thread
螺距pitch of thread
粗牙螺紋coarse thread
細牙螺紋 fine thread
特細牙螺紋extra fine thread
通長螺紋full thread
惠氏螺紋whitworth thread
公制螺紋 metric ibread
美國標準錐管螺紋 American standard taper pipe thread (NPT)
螺孔 tap
3 材料、型鋼及填料
3.1 金屬材料
3.1.1 黑色金屬 Ferrous Metal
碳素鋼 carbon steel (CS)
低碳鋼 low-carbon steel
中碳鋼 medium-carbon steel
高碳鋼 high-carbon steel
普通碳素鋼 general carbon steel
優(yōu)質(zhì)碳素鋼 high-quality carbon steel
普通低合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼 general structure low-alloy steel
合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼 structural alloy steel
合金鋼 alloy steel
低合金鋼 low alloy steel
中合金鋼 medium alloy steel
高合金鋼 high alloy steel
耐熱鋼 heat resisting steel
高強度鋼 high strength steel
復(fù)合鋼 clad steel
工具鋼 tool steel
彈簧鋼 spring steel
鉬鋼 molybdenum steel
鎳鋼 nickel steel
鉻鋼 chromium steel
鉻鉬鋼 chrome-molybdenum steel
鉻鎳鋼 chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel
不銹鋼 stainless steel (S.S.)
奧氏體不銹鋼 Austenitic stainless steel
馬氏體不銹鋼 Martensitic stainless steel
司特來合金（鎢鉻鈷臺金） Stellite
耐蝕耐熱鎳基合金 Hastelloy
鉻鎳鐵合金 inconel
耐熱鉻鎳鐵合金 incoloy
20合金 20 alloy
平爐鋼（馬丁鋼） Martin steel
鎮(zhèn)靜鋼 killed steel
半鎮(zhèn)靜鋼 semi-killed steel
沸騰鋼 rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel
鍛鋼 forged steel
鑄鋼 cast steel
鑄鐵 cast iron (C.I.)
灰鑄鐵 grey cast iron
可鍛鑄鐵 malleable iron (MI)
球墨鑄鐵 nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron
生鐵 pig iron
熟鐵，鍛鐵 wrought iron
鑄件 casting
高硅鑄鐵 high silicon cast iron
3.1.2 鍍層及制造方法
滲鉻鋼，鍍鉻鋼 chromized steel
鍍鉻的 chromium-plated, chrome-plated
鍍層 plating
鍛造，型鋼 swage
鍛造的，鍛造 forging
軋制 rolling
熱軋 hot rolling
冷軋 cold rolling
擠壓 extruding
冷加工 cold working
熱加工 hot working
拔制 drawing
3.1.3 有色金屬Non-ferrous Metal
鋁 aluminum
銅，紫銅 copper
黃銅 brass
青銅 bronze
鋁青銅 aluminum bronze
磷青銅 phosphor bronze
鋁鎂合金 aluminum magnesium
錳青銅 manganese bronze
蒙乃爾（注：鎳及銅合金） Monel
鎳銅臺金 nickel copper alloy
非鐵合金 nonferrous alloy
鈦 titanium
鉛 lead
硬鉛 hard lead
3.1.4 材料性能
極限強度 ultimate strength
抗拉強度 tensile strength
屈服極限 yield limit
屈服點 yield point
延伸率 percentage elongation
抗壓強度 compressive strength
抗彎強度 bending strength
彈性極限 elastic limit
沖擊值 impact value
疲勞極限 fatigue limit
蠕變極限 creep limit
持久極限 endurance limit
布氏硬度 Brinell hardness
洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness
維氏硬度 Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness
蠕變斷裂強度 creep rupture strength
斷面收縮率 reduction of area
韌性 toughess
脆性 brittleness
延性 ductility
冷脆 cold shortness
冷流 cold flow
3.2 非金屬材料 Non-metallic Material
塑料 plastic
丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯 acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)
聚乙烯 polyethylene (PE)
聚氯乙烯 polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
苯乙烯橡膠 styrene-rubber (SR)
聚丁烯 polybutylene (PB)
聚丙烯 polypropylene (PP)
聚苯乙烯 polystyrene (PS)
氯化聚醚 chlorinated polyether (CPE)
聚酰胺 polyamide (PA)
聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate (PC)
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
醋酸丁酸纖維素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)
氯化聚氯乙烯 chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)
聚偏二氟乙烯 polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)
縮醛塑料 acetal plastic
尼龍塑料 nylon plastic
聚烯烴 polyolefin (PO)
石墨酚醛塑料 graphite phenolic plastics
聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
纖維增強熱塑性塑料 fiber reinforced thermoplastics
熱塑性塑料 thermoplastic
熱固性塑料 thermosetting plastics
膠粘劑 adhesive
溶劑膠接劑 solvent cement
樹脂 resin
環(huán)氧樹脂 epoxy, epoxy resin
聚酯樹脂 polyester resin
聚酯纖維 polyester fibers
氟塑料 fluoroplastics
聚氨基甲酸酯 polyurethane
丙烯酸樹脂 acrylic resin
脲醛樹脂 urea resin
呋哺樹脂 furan resin
乙烯丙烯二烴單體 ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)
合成橡膠 synthetic rubber
橡膠 rubber
丁腈橡膠 nitrile butadiene rubber
氯丁橡膠 neoprene
天然橡膠 natural rubber
乙丙橡膠 ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)
玻璃 glass
硼硅玻璃 borosilicate glass
耐火磚 fire brick
陶瓷 ceramic
搪瓷 porcelain enamel
木材 wood
3.3 型材
型鋼 shaped steel, section steel, swage
角鋼 angle steel
槽鋼 channel
工字鋼 I-beam
寬緣工字鋼或H鋼 wide flanged beam
T型鋼 T-bar
方鋼 square bar
扁鋼 flat bar
角鋼 hexagonal steel bar
圓鋼 round steel; rod
鋼帶 strap steel
鋼板 plate
網(wǎng)紋鋼板 checkered plate
腹板（指型鋼的立板） web
翼緣（指型鋼的緣） wing
3.4 填料及填料函
填料 packing
石棉繩 asbestos rope, asbestos cord．
O形環(huán) O-ring
自密封 self-sealing
四氟帶 Teflon tap
帶鉻鎳合金絲的石棉繩 asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos
浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料 Teflon impregnated asbestos packing
金屬填料 metallic stuffing
填料箱，填料函 packing box, stuffing box
填料函壓蓋 stuffing box gland
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