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中華人民共和國教師法
Teachers Law of the People's Republic of China
第一條為了保障教師的合法權(quán)益，建設(shè)具有良好思想品德修養(yǎng)和業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì)的教師隊(duì)伍，促進(jìn)社會(huì)主義教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展，制定本法。
Article 1 This Law is formulated for the purpose of safeguarding teachers' legitimate rights and interests, building up a contingent of teachers who are sound in moral character and good in professional competence, and promoting the development of socialist education.
第二條本法適用于在各級(jí)各類學(xué)校和其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)中專門從事教育教學(xué)工作的教師。
Article 2 This Law shall apply to teachers specially engaged in education and teaching at schools of various levels and categories or other institutions of education.
第三條教師是履行教育教學(xué)職責(zé)的專業(yè)人員，承擔(dān)教書育人，培養(yǎng)社會(huì)主義事業(yè)建設(shè)者和接班人、提高民族素質(zhì)的使命。教師應(yīng)當(dāng)忠誠于人民的教育事業(yè)。
Article 3 Teachers are professionals who exercise the functions of education and teaching and are charged with the duty of imparting knowledge and educating people, training builders and successors for the socialist cause and enhancing the quality of the nation. Teachers shall devote themselves to the educational cause of the people.
第四條各級(jí)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施，加強(qiáng)教師的思想政治教育和業(yè)務(wù)培訓(xùn)，改善教師的工作條件和生活條件，保障教師的合法權(quán)益，提高教師的社會(huì)地位。
Article 4 People's governments at various levels shall adopt measures to strengthen ideological and political education and professional training of teachers, improve their working and living conditions, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests and raise their social status.
全社會(huì)都應(yīng)當(dāng)尊重教師。
Teachers shall be respected in the whole society.
第五條國務(wù)院教育行政部門主管全國的教師工作。
Article 5 The administrative department of education under the State Council shall be in charge of the work concerning teachers in the whole country.
國務(wù)院有關(guān)部門在各自職權(quán)范圍內(nèi)負(fù)責(zé)有關(guān)的教師工作。
The departments concerned under the State Council shall, within the scope of their functions and powers, be responsible for the relevant work concerning teachers.
學(xué)校和其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)根據(jù)國家規(guī)定，自主進(jìn)行教師管理工作。
Schools and other institutions of education shall administer the affairs of teachers on their own according to the relevant provisions of the State.
第六條每年九月十日為教師節(jié)。
Article 6 September 10 of each year is designated as Teachers' Day.
第二章權(quán)利和義務(wù)
CHAPTER II RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS
第七條教師享有下列權(quán)利：
Article 7 Teachers shall enjoy the following rights:
（一）進(jìn)行教育教學(xué)活動(dòng)，開展教育教學(xué)改革和實(shí)驗(yàn)；
(1) to conduct educational and teaching activities and carry out reform and experiment in education and teaching;
（二）從事科學(xué)研究、學(xué)術(shù)交流，參加專業(yè)的學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體，在學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)中充分發(fā)表意見；
(2) to engage in scientific research and academic exchanges, join professional academic societies and fully express their views in academic activities;
（三）指導(dǎo)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)和發(fā)展，評(píng)定學(xué)生的品行和學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)；
(3) to give guidance to students in their studies and development and evaluate students' conduct and academic achievements;
（四）按時(shí)獲取工資報(bào)酬，享受國家規(guī)定的福利待遇以及寒暑假期的帶薪休假；
(4) to obtain salaries and remunerations on schedule and enjoy the welfare benefits prescribed by the State and the leave with pay in winter and summer vacations;
（五）對(duì)學(xué)校教育教學(xué)、管理工作和教育行政部門的工作提出意見和建議，通過教職工代表大會(huì)或者其他形式，參與學(xué)校的民主管理；
(5) to put forward opinions and suggestions regarding education, teaching, management of schools and the work of the administrative departments of education; and to participate in the democratic management of schools through congresses of teachers, staff and workers, or through other forms; and
（六）參加進(jìn)修或者其他方式的培訓(xùn)。
(6) to take refresher courses or other forms of training.
第八條教師應(yīng)當(dāng)履行下列義務(wù)：
Article 8 Teachers shall perform the following obligations:
（一）遵守憲法、法律和職業(yè)道德，為人師表；
(1) to abide by the Constitution, laws and professional ethics, and be paragons of virtue and learning;
（二）貫徹國家的教育方針，遵守規(guī)章制度，執(zhí)行學(xué)校的教學(xué)計(jì)劃，履行教師聘約，完成教育教學(xué)工作任務(wù)；
(2) to implement the educational policies of the State, observe relevant rules and regulations, carry out schools' teaching plans, fulfil teaching contracts and accomplish educational and teaching tasks;
（三）對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行憲法所確定的基本原則的教育和愛國主義、民族團(tuán)結(jié)的教育，法制教育以及思想品德、文化、科學(xué)技術(shù)教育，組織、帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生開展有益的社會(huì)活動(dòng)；
(3) to conduct education among students in the basic principles defined in the Constitution, education in patriotism, national unity and the legal system, and education in ideology, morality, culture, science and technology, and to organize and lead students to engage in beneficial social activities;
（四）關(guān)心、愛護(hù)全體學(xué)生，尊重學(xué)生人格，促進(jìn)學(xué)生在品德、智力、體質(zhì)等方面全面發(fā)展；
(4) to concern themselves with all students, love them, respect their dignity and promote their all-round development in such aspects as morality, intelligence and physique;
（五）制止有害于學(xué)生的行為或者其他侵犯學(xué)生合法權(quán)益的行為，批評(píng)和抵制有害于學(xué)生健康成長的現(xiàn)象；
(5) to stop acts that are harmful to students and other acts that encroach upon students' legitimate rights and interests, criticise and combat the phenomena that impair the sound growth of students; and
（六）不斷提高思想政治覺悟和教育教學(xué)業(yè)務(wù)水平。
(6) to ceaselessly raise their ideological level and political consciousness and improve their professional competence in education and teaching.
第九條為保障教師完成教育教學(xué)任務(wù)，各級(jí)人民政府、教育行政部門、有關(guān)部門、學(xué)校和其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)履行下列職責(zé)：
Article 9 To guarantee that teachers complete their educational and teaching tasks, people's governments at various levels, administrative departments of education, relevant departments, schools and other institutions of education shall perform the following functions and duties;
（一）提供符合國家安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的教育教學(xué)設(shè)施和設(shè)備；
(1) to provide educational and teaching facilities and equipment that are up to the safety standards set by the State;
（二）提供必需的圖書、資料及其他教育教學(xué)用品；
(2) to provide necessary books, reference materials and other articles for education and teaching;
（三）對(duì)教師在教育教學(xué)、科學(xué)研究中的創(chuàng)造性工作給以鼓勵(lì)和幫助；
(3) to encourage and help teachers in their creative work in education, teaching and scientific research; and
（四）支持教師制止有害于學(xué)生的行為或者其他侵犯學(xué)生合法權(quán)益的行為。
(4) to back up teachers in their efforts to stop acts that are harmful to students and other acts that encroach upon students' legitimate rights and interests.
第三章資格和任用
CHAPTER III QUALIFICATIONS AND EMPLOYMENT
第十條國家實(shí)行教師資格制度。
Article 10 The State shall institute a system of qualifications for teachers.
中國公民凡遵守憲法和法律，熱愛教育事業(yè)，具有良好的思想品德，具備本法規(guī)定的學(xué)歷或者經(jīng)國家教師資格考試合格，有教育教學(xué)能力，經(jīng)認(rèn)定合格的，可以取得教師資格。
All Chinese citizens, who abide by the Constitution and laws, take a keen interest in education, have sound ideological and moral character, possess a record of formal schooling as stipulated in this Law or have passed the national teachers' qualification examinations, have educational and teaching ability may, after being evaluated as qualified, obtain qualifications for teachers.
第十一條取得教師資格應(yīng)當(dāng)具備的相應(yīng)學(xué)歷是：
Article 11 To obtain qualifications for teachers, corresponding records of formal schooling are required as follows:
（一）取得幼兒園教師資格，應(yīng)當(dāng)具備幼兒師范學(xué)校畢業(yè)及其以上學(xué)歷；
(1) to obtain qualifications for a teacher in a kindergarten, one shall be a graduate of an infant normal school or upwards;
（二）取得小學(xué)教師資格，應(yīng)當(dāng)具備中等師范學(xué)校畢業(yè)及其以上學(xué)歷；
(2) to obtain qualifications for a teacher in a primary school, one shall be a graduate of a secondary normal school or upwards;
（三）取得初級(jí)中學(xué)教師、初級(jí)職業(yè)學(xué)校文化、專業(yè)課教師資格，應(yīng)當(dāng)具備高等師范�？茖W(xué)�；蛘咂渌髮W(xué)�？飘厴I(yè)及其以上學(xué)歷；
(3) to obtain qualifications for a teacher in a junior middle school, or a teacher for general knowledge courses and specialized courses in a primary vocational school, one shall be a graduate of a specialized higher normal school, or other colleges or universities with two or three years' schooling or upwards;
（四）取得高級(jí)中學(xué)教師資格和中等專業(yè)學(xué)校、技工學(xué)校、職業(yè)高中文化課、專業(yè)課教師資格，應(yīng)當(dāng)具備高等師范院校本科或者其他大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)及其以上學(xué)歷；取得中等專業(yè)學(xué)校、技工學(xué)校和職業(yè)高中學(xué)生實(shí)習(xí)指導(dǎo)教師資格應(yīng)當(dāng)具備的學(xué)歷，由國務(wù)院教育行政部門規(guī)定；
(4) to obtain qualifications for a teacher in a senior middle school, or a teacher for general knowledge courses and specialized courses in a secondary vocational school, technical school or a vocational high school, one shall be a graduate of a normal college or other colleges or universities with four years' schooling or upwards; the corresponding record of formal schooling for the qualifications of instructors who give guidance to students' fieldwork at secondary vocational schools, technical schools or vocational high schools shall be prescribed by the administrative department of education under the State Council;
（五）取得高等學(xué)校教師資格，應(yīng)當(dāng)具備研究生或者大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)學(xué)歷；
(5) to obtain qualifications for a teacher in an institution of higher learning, one shall be a postgraduate or university graduate; and
（六）取得成人教育教師資格，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照成人教育的層次、類別，分別具備高等、中等學(xué)校畢業(yè)及其以上學(xué)歷。
(6) to obtain qualifications for a teacher for adult education, one shall be a graduate respectively of an institution of higher learning, a secondary school or upwards depending on the level and category of the adult education.
不具備本法規(guī)定的教師資格學(xué)歷的公民，申請(qǐng)獲取教師資格，必須通過國家教師資格考試。國家教師資格考試制度由國務(wù)院規(guī)定。
Citizens who, without the records of formal schooling for teachers' qualifications as stipulated in this Law, apply for teachers' qualifications must pass the national teachers' qualification examinations. The national teachers' qualifications examination system shall be prescribed by the State Council.
第十二條本法實(shí)施前已經(jīng)在學(xué)�；蛘咂渌逃龣C(jī)構(gòu)中任教的教師，未具備本法規(guī)定學(xué)歷的，由國務(wù)院教育行政部門規(guī)定教師資格過渡辦法。
Article 12 The administrative department of education under the State Council shall work out transition measures on qualifications for teachers who, before the enforcement of this Law, have been teaching at schools or other institutions of education, but do not have the record of formal schooling as stipulated in this Law.
第十三條中小學(xué)教師資格由縣級(jí)以上地方人民政府教育行政部門認(rèn)定。
Article 13 The qualifications for teachers in primary and middle schools shall be evaluated and approved by the administrative departments of education under the local people's governments at or above the county level.
中等專業(yè)學(xué)校、技工學(xué)校的教師資格由縣級(jí)以上地方人民政府教育行政部門組織有關(guān)主管部門認(rèn)定。
The qualifications for teachers in secondary vocational schools and technical schools shall be evaluated and approved by the relevant competent departments, under the auspices of the administrative departments of education under the local people's governments at or above the county level.
普通高等學(xué)校的教師資格由國務(wù)院或者省、自治區(qū)、直轄市教育行政部門或者由其委托的學(xué)校認(rèn)定。
The qualifications for teachers of regular institutions of higher education shall be evaluated and approved by the administrative departments of education under the State Council, or of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government, or by schools authorized by such departments.
具備本法規(guī)定的學(xué)歷或者經(jīng)國家教師資格考試合格的公民，要求有關(guān)部門認(rèn)定其教師資格的，有關(guān)部門應(yīng)當(dāng)依照本法規(guī)定的條件予以認(rèn)定。
If a citizen who possesses a record of formal schooling as stipulated in this Law, or who has passed the national teachers' qualification examinations, requests the departments concerned to evaluate and approve his qualifications for teachers, the departments concerned shall give evaluation and approval in accordance with the requirements provided for in this Law.
取得教師資格的人員首次任教時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)有試用期。
Those with qualifications for teachers who are for the first time appointed as teachers shall undergo a probation period.
第十四條受到剝奪政治權(quán)利或者故意犯罪受到有期徒刑以上刑事處罰的，不能取得教師資格；已經(jīng)取得教師資格的，喪失教師資格。
Article 14 Those who have been deprived of political rights or subjected to fixed-term imprisonment or even more severe punishment for intentional crime shall not be allowed to obtain qualifications for teachers; and those who have already obtained qualifications for teachers shall forfeit such qualifications.
第十五條各級(jí)師范學(xué)校畢業(yè)生，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定從事教育教學(xué)工作。
Article 15 Graduates of normal schools at various levels shall be engaged in education and teaching in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State.
國家鼓勵(lì)非師范高等學(xué)校畢業(yè)生到中小學(xué)或者職業(yè)學(xué)校任教。
The State shall encourage graduates of non-normal schools of higher learning to teach at primary and secondary schools or vocational schools.
第十六條國家實(shí)行教師職務(wù)制度，具體辦法由國務(wù)院規(guī)定。
Article 16 The State shall institute a system of professional titles for teachers. The specific measures shall be worked out by the State Council.
第十七條學(xué)校和其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)逐步實(shí)行教師聘任制。教師的聘任應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循雙方地位平等的原則，由學(xué)校和教師簽訂聘任合同，明確規(guī)定雙方的權(quán)利、義務(wù)和責(zé)任。
Article 17 Schools and other institutions of education shall gradually institute a system of appointment for teachers. Appointment of teachers shall be based on the principle of equality between both parties. The school and the teacher shall sign an appointment contract defining each other's rights, obligations and responsibilities.
實(shí)施教師聘任制的步驟、辦法由國務(wù)院教育行政部門規(guī)定。
Steps and measures for implementing the appointment system for teachers shall be formulated by the administrative department of education under the State Council.
第四章培養(yǎng)和培訓(xùn)
CHAPTER IV CULTIVATION AND TRAINING
第十八條各級(jí)人民政府和有關(guān)部門應(yīng)當(dāng)辦好師范教育，并采取措施，鼓勵(lì)優(yōu)秀青年進(jìn)入各級(jí)師范學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。各級(jí)教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校承擔(dān)培訓(xùn)中小學(xué)教師的任務(wù)。
Article 18 People's governments at various levels and the departments concerned shall make a success of normal school education and adopt measures to encourage outstanding youth to study at normal schools at various levels. Schools for teachers' advanced studies at different levels shall undertake the task of training teachers for primary and secondary schools.
非師范學(xué)校應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)培養(yǎng)和培訓(xùn)中小學(xué)教師的任務(wù)。
Non-normal schools shall undertake the task of cultivating and training primary and secondary school teachers.
各級(jí)師范學(xué)校學(xué)生享受專業(yè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。
Students of normal schools at various levels shall enjoy professional scholarships.
第十九條各級(jí)人民政府教育行政部門、學(xué)校主管部門和學(xué)校應(yīng)當(dāng)制定教師培訓(xùn)規(guī)劃，對(duì)教師進(jìn)行多種形式的思想政治、業(yè)務(wù)培訓(xùn)。
Article 19 The administrative departments of education under the people's governments at various levels, the departments in charge of school affairs and the schools shall work out teachers' training programmes and conduct various forms of ideological, political and professional training among teachers.
第二十條國家機(jī)關(guān)、企業(yè)事業(yè)單位和其他社會(huì)組織應(yīng)當(dāng)為教師的社會(huì)調(diào)查和社會(huì)實(shí)踐提供方便，給予協(xié)助。
Article 20 State organs, enterprises, institutions and other social organizations shall provide convenience and assistance to teachers in their social investigation and social practice.
第二十一條各級(jí)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施，為少數(shù)民族地區(qū)和邊遠(yuǎn)貧困地區(qū)培養(yǎng)、培訓(xùn)教師。
Article 21 People's governments at various levels shall adopt measures to cultivate and train teachers for regions inhabited by national minorities and for outlying and poverty-stricken areas.
第二十二條學(xué)校或者其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)教師的政治思想、業(yè)務(wù)水平、工作態(tài)度和工作成績(jī)進(jìn)行考核。
Article 22 Schools or other institutions of education shall conduct assessment of teachers' political awareness and ideological level, professional qualifications, attitude towards work and their performances.
教育行政部門對(duì)教師的考核工作進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)、監(jiān)督。
The administrative departments of education shall guide and supervise the assessment work for teachers.
第二十三條考核應(yīng)當(dāng)客觀、公正、準(zhǔn)確，充分聽取教師本人、其他教師以及學(xué)生的意見。
Article 23 Assessment shall be conducted in an objective, fair and accurate manner and in the process of assessment, opinions from teachers themselves, their colleagues and students shall be taken into full consideration.
第二十四條教師考核結(jié)果是受聘任教、晉升工資、實(shí)施獎(jiǎng)懲的依據(jù)。
Article 24 The assessment results shall be the basis for teachers' appointment and pay rise as well as rewards and punishments.
第二十五條教師的平均工資水平應(yīng)當(dāng)不低于或者高于國家公務(wù)員的平均工資水平，并逐步提高。建立正常晉級(jí)增薪制度，具體辦法由國務(wù)院規(guī)定。
Article 25 Teachers' average salary shall not be lower or shall be higher than that of State public servants and shall be gradually raised. A regular system for promotion and pay rise shall be established, and the specific measures therefor shall be formulated by the State Council.
第二十六條中小學(xué)教師和職業(yè)學(xué)校教師享受教齡津貼和其他津貼，具體辦法由國務(wù)院教育行政部門會(huì)同有關(guān)部門制定。
Article 26 Teachers of primary and secondary schools and vocational schools shall enjoy allowances commensurate with the length of their teaching and other allowances, and the specific measures therefor shall be formulated by the administrative department of education under the State Council in conjunction with the departments concerned.
第二十七條地方各級(jí)人民政府對(duì)教師以及具有中專以上學(xué)歷的畢業(yè)生到少數(shù)民族地區(qū)和邊遠(yuǎn)貧困地區(qū)從事教育教學(xué)工作的，應(yīng)當(dāng)予以補(bǔ)貼。
Article 27 Local people's governments at various levels shall grant subsidies to teachers and graduates from secondary vocational schools or from schools at higher levels who engage themselves in education and teaching in regions inhabited by national minorities or in outlying and poverty-stricken areas.
第二十八條地方各級(jí)人民政府和國務(wù)院有關(guān)部門，對(duì)城市教師住房的建設(shè)、租賃、出售實(shí)行優(yōu)先、優(yōu)惠。
Article 28 Local people's governments at various levels and the departments concerned under the State Council shall give priority and preferential treatment to the construction, renting and sale of houses for teachers in urban areas.
縣、鄉(xiāng)兩級(jí)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)為農(nóng)村中小學(xué)教師解決住房提供方便。
People's governments at the county and township levels shall provide conveniences for primary and secondary school teachers in rural areas in solving the housing problems.
第二十九條教師的醫(yī)療同當(dāng)?shù)貒夜珓?wù)員享受同等的待遇；定期對(duì)教師進(jìn)行身體健康檢查，并因地制宜安排教師進(jìn)行休養(yǎng)。
Article 29 Teachers shall enjoy equal treatment in medical care as the State public servants in the localities. They shall be given regular health check-ups and shall enjoy rest and recuperation holidays arranged in the light of local conditions.
醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)亟處煹尼t(yī)療提供方針。
Medical institutions shall provide conveniences in medical care for teachers in the localities.
第三十條師退休或者退職后，享受國家規(guī)定的退休或者退職待遇。
Article 30 After retirement or quitting work, teachers shall enjoy the material benefits as prescribed by the State.
縣級(jí)以上地方人民政府可以適當(dāng)提高長期從事教育教學(xué)工作的中小學(xué)退休教師教的退休金比例。
Local people's governments at or above the county level may appropriately raise the ratio of pensions for the retired primary and secondary school teachers who have long been engaged in education and teaching.
第三十一條各級(jí)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施，改善國家補(bǔ)助、集體支付工資的中小學(xué)教師的待遇，逐步做到在工資收入上與國家支付工資的教師同工同酬，具體辦法由地方各級(jí)人民政府根據(jù)本地區(qū)的實(shí)際情況規(guī)定。
Article 31 People's governments at various levels shall adopt measures to improve the material benefits of teachers who are paid, with subsidies from the State, by the collectives, gradually making sure that such teachers receive equal pay for equal work with teachers who are paid by the State. The specific measures therefor shall be formulated by the local people's governments at various levels in the light of their actual local conditions.
第三十二條社會(huì)力量所辦學(xué)校的教師的待遇，由舉辦者自行確定并予以保障。
Article 32 The material benefits of teachers at schools run by different sectors of the society shall be determined and guaranteed by the sponsors themselves.
第三十三條教師在教育教學(xué)、培養(yǎng)人才、科學(xué)研究、教學(xué)改革、學(xué)校建設(shè)、社會(huì)服務(wù)、勤工儉學(xué)等方面成績(jī)優(yōu)異的，由所在學(xué)校予以表彰、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
Article 33 Teachers who have achieved excellent results in education and teaching, in the training of personnel, and in scientific research, educational reform, school development, social services and work-study programmes shall be commended and awarded by the schools which they belong to.
國務(wù)院和地方各級(jí)人民政府及其有關(guān)部門對(duì)有突出貢獻(xiàn)的教師，應(yīng)當(dāng)予以表彰、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
Teachers who have made outstanding contributions shall be commended and awarded by the State Council, the local people's governments at various levels and the relevant departments under them.
對(duì)有重大貢獻(xiàn)的教師，依照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定授予榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)。
Teachers who have made major contributions shall be conferred honorary titles in accordance with relevant provisions of the State.
第三十四條國家支持和鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)組織或者個(gè)人向依法成立的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)教師的基金組織捐助資金，對(duì)教師進(jìn)行獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
Article 34 The State shall encourage and support social organizations and individuals to donate money to foundations established according to law for awarding teachers.
第三十五條侮辱、毆打教師的，根據(jù)不同情況，分別給予行政處分或者行政處罰；造成損害的，責(zé)令賠償損失；情節(jié)嚴(yán)重，構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任。
Article 35 Anyone who insults or assaults a teacher shall be given an administrative sanction or penalty depending on the different circumstances; those who have caused losses or injury shall be ordered to compensate for the losses; and if the circumstances are serious enough to constitute a crime, the offender shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.
第三十六條對(duì)依法提出申訴、控告、檢舉的教師進(jìn)行打擊報(bào)復(fù)的，由其所在單位或者上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)責(zé)令改正；情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的，可以根據(jù)具體情況給予行政處分。
Article 36 Anyone who retaliates against the teachers who have made complaints, charges against or exposures of, any organization or individual in accordance with the law shall be ordered by his or her unit or by the authorities at a higher level to make a rectification; if the circumstances are serious, the offender may be given an administrative sanction in the light of the actual conditions.
國家工作人員對(duì)教師打擊報(bào)復(fù)構(gòu)成犯罪的，依照刑法第一百四十六條的規(guī)定追究刑事責(zé)任。
State functionaries who retaliate against teachers, if the cases constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of Article 146 of the Criminal Law.
第三十七條教師有下列情形之一的，由所在學(xué)校、其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)或者教育行政部門給予行政處分或者解聘。
Article 37 Teachers involved in any of the following circumstances shall be given administrative sanctions or dismissed by their schools, other institutions of education or administrative departments of education:
（一）故意不完成教育教學(xué)任務(wù)給教育教學(xué)工作造成損失的；
(1) intentionally not accomplishing educational and teaching tasks and thus causing losses to educational and teaching work;
（二）體罰學(xué)生，經(jīng)教育不改的；
(2) imposing corporal punishments on students and refusing to mend their way after being criticized;
（三）品行不良、侮辱學(xué)生，影響惡劣的。
(3) having improper conduct and insulting students, thus making very bad impressions.
教師有前款第（二）項(xiàng)、第（三）項(xiàng)所列情形之一，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重，構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任。
Teachers who are involved in any of the circumstances specified in item (2) or (3) of the preceding paragraph, if the circumstances are serious enough to constitute a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.
第三十八條地方人民政府對(duì)違反本法規(guī)定，拖欠教師工資或者侵犯教師其他合法權(quán)益的，應(yīng)當(dāng)責(zé)令其限期改正。
Article 38 The local people's governments shall order anyone who, in violation of the provisions of this Law, defaults on paying teachers' salaries or infringes upon other legitimate rights and interests of teachers, to make a rectification within a specified time limit.
違反國家財(cái)政制度、財(cái)務(wù)制度，挪用國家財(cái)政用于教育的經(jīng)費(fèi)，嚴(yán)重妨礙教育教學(xué)工作，拖欠教師工資，損害教師合法權(quán)益的，由上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)責(zé)令限期歸還被挪用的經(jīng)費(fèi)，并對(duì)直接責(zé)任人員給予行政處分；情節(jié)嚴(yán)重，構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任。
Anyone who violates the State's financial and accounting rules and regulations, misappropriates the State's funds allocated for education, seriously hampers the work of education and teaching, defaults on paying teachers' salaries and impairs their legitimate rights and interests, shall be ordered by the authorities at a higher level to return the misappropriated funds within a specified time limit, and those who are held directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions; and if the circumstances are serious enough to constitute a crime, the offenders shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.
第三十九條教師對(duì)學(xué)�；蛘咂渌逃龣C(jī)構(gòu)侵犯其合法權(quán)益的，或者對(duì)學(xué)校或者其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)作出的處理不服的，可以向教育行政部門提出申訴，教育行政部門應(yīng)當(dāng)在接到申訴的三十日內(nèi)，作出處理。
Article 39 Teachers whose legitimate rights and interests are infringed upon by schools or other institutions of education or who are not satisfied with the settlement made by schools or other institutions of education may appeal to the administrative departments of education. The administrative departments of education shall deal with the matter within 30 days from receipt of the appeal.
教師認(rèn)為當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裾嘘P(guān)行政部門侵犯其根據(jù)本法規(guī)定享有的權(quán)利的，可以向同級(jí)人民政府或者上一級(jí)人民政府有關(guān)部門提出申訴，同級(jí)人民政府或者上一級(jí)人民政府有關(guān)部門應(yīng)當(dāng)作出處理。
Teachers who hold that the administrative departments concerned under the local people's governments have infringed upon the rights they shall enjoy under this Law may appeal to the people's governments at the corresponding levels or to the departments concerned under the people's governments at the next higher levels. The departments concerned under the people's governments at the corresponding levels or the departments concerned under the people's governments at the next higher levels shall deal with the appeals.
第四十條本法下列用語的含義是：
Article 40 The meanings of the following expressions as used in this Law are:
（一）各級(jí)各類學(xué)校，是指實(shí)施學(xué)前教育、普通初等教育、普通中等教育、職業(yè)教育、普通高等教育以及特殊教育、成人教育的學(xué)校。
(1) "Schools of various levels and categories" refer to the schools that carry out pre-school education, regular primary education, regular secondary education, vocational education, regular higher education, special education or adult education.
（二）其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)，是指少年宮以及地方教研室、電化教育機(jī)構(gòu)等。
(2) "Other institutions of education" refer to children's palaces, local teaching and research sections and institutions that conduct audio- visual education.
（三）中小學(xué)教師，是指幼兒園、特殊教育機(jī)構(gòu)、普通中小學(xué)、成人初等中等教育機(jī)構(gòu)、職業(yè)中學(xué)以及其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)的教師。
(3) "Primary and secondary school teachers" refer to teachers working in kindergartens, institutions of special education, regular primary and secondary schools, institutions of primary and secondary education for adults, secondary vocational schools and other institutions of education.
第四十一條學(xué)校和其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)中的教育教學(xué)輔助人員，其他類型的學(xué)校的教師和教育教學(xué)輔助人員，可以根據(jù)實(shí)際情況參照本法的有關(guān)規(guī)定執(zhí)行。
Article 41 The relevant provisions of this Law may be applied mutatis mutandis in the light of the actual conditions to the educational and teaching assistants of schools or other institutions of education, as well as teachers and the educational and teaching assistants of schools of other categories.
軍隊(duì)所屬院校的教師和教育教學(xué)輔助人員，由中央軍事委員會(huì)依照本法制定有關(guān)規(guī)定。
Relevant regulations governing the teachers and the educational and teaching assistants of colleges and schools of the Army shall be formulated by the Central Military Commission on the basis of this Law.
第四十二條外籍教師的聘任辦法由國務(wù)院教育行政部門規(guī)定。
Article 42 The measures for the employment of foreign teachers shall be formulated by the administrative department of education under the State Council.
第四十三條本法自一九九四年一月一日起施行。
Article 43 This law shall come into effect as of January 1, 1994.
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